Static vs Dynamic RAM: What’s The Difference?

The random access memory (RAM) used in modern-day computers can typically be broken down into one of two different categories: static and dynamic. While both types are used to store and retrieve data in a fast and efficient manner, there are noticeable differences between the two that shouldn’t be overlooked. To learn more about the nuances between static and dynamic RAM, keep reading.

The most popular and widely used type of computer memory, dynamic RAM (abbreviated DRAM), consists of memory cells that hold one bit of data. These cells are comprised of two components: a transistor and capacitor, both of which are incredibly small. To put its size into perspective, a typical DRAM block contains millions of transistors and capacitors. The capacitor in DRAM in responsible for holding the data bit in the form of a 0 or 1 (like an on-and-off switch), while the transistor works as a switch to regulate the electrical flow of the chip’s circuity.

Dynamic RAM receives its namesake from its unique refresh operation. Unlike static RAM, dynamic RAM must be constantly refreshed to maintain fast speeds and a high level of performance. Consequently, however, refreshing DRAM slows its down.

Static RAM (abbreviated SDRAM) stores single bits of data in four or six-transistor memory cells. These cells essentially “flip flop” between 0 and 1 depending on the operation/task, similar to that of DRAM. With that said, SDRAM doesn’t use capacitors, so there’s no need for constant refreshing to maintain performance. This means faster speeds and greater efficiency when compared to its counterpart, DRAM. Static RAM is also viewed as being more energy efficient due to their limited need to access data, as well as the relative rate of energy consumption (e.g. resource-intensive tasks draw more energy through SDRAM.).

The only real drawback to SDRAM is its limited space. Transistors on DRAM are capable of storing a single bit of data each, whereas it takes four-to-six transistors on SDRAM to store a bit of data. So in other words, a dynamic RAM chip is able to hold up to 600% more data than a static RAM chip. You’ll frequently find DRAM chips used in desktops and laptops, whereas SRAM are used in automobiles, MP3 players, and other electronic devices.

Did we leave out any key information on static and dynamic RAM? Let us know in the comments section below!